Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT)
Historical and Medical Timeline

01

1600s – Early Concepts 1620s

British physician Nathaniel Henshaw designed a pressurized chamber called the “Domicilium” to treat respiratory diseases, marking the earliest recorded concept of HBOT.

02

1800s – First Pressurized Chambers 1870s

French surgeon Paul Bert, often called the “Father of Hyperbaric Medicine,” studied the effects of oxygen and pressure on the human body, linking decompression sickness to nitrogen bubbles in the blood.

03

1920s – The Cunningham Sanitarium 1928

The largest hyperbaric chamber ever built, the Cunningham Sanitarium, was constructed on the shore of Lake Erie in Cleveland, Ohio. Founded by Dr. Orval J. Cunningham, the facility was funded by Henry H. Timken, owner of Timken Roller Bearings. The sanitarium aimed to treat conditions like cancer and diabetes based on Dr. Cunningham’s belief that these diseases were caused by organisms that could not survive in high-oxygen environments. Patients were treated in highly oxygenated environments, alternating with normal atmospheric conditions to prevent disease progression.

04

1930s – Military Use of HBOT

The U.S. Navy began using HBOT to treat deep-sea divers with decompression sickness, enhancing safety in underwater exploration.

05

1950s – Early Medical Applications

Dutch surgeon Dr. Ite Boerema demonstrated the benefits of oxygen therapy in cardiac surgery, re-establishing HBOT’s therapeutic potential.

06

1960s – Hospital and Clinical Use

The Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society (UHMS) was founded, and HBOT began to be used for carbon monoxide poisoning, gas gangrene, and other conditions.

07

1970s – Expanded Medical Research

Studies emerged supporting HBOT’s effectiveness in wound healing, burn treatment, and soft tissue infections.

08

2000s – Mainstream Medical Adoption

The FDA approved HBOT for additional medical applications, including non-healing diabetic wounds and radiation injuries, while researchers explored further potential in brain injuries, stroke, and chronic conditions.

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